Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis (JPS): A Proactive Approach to Canine Hip Dysplasia

Hip dysplasia is a common and debilitating orthopedic condition in dogs, particularly in large and giant breeds. This developmental disorder leads to joint instability, pain, and arthritis over time, significantly affecting a dog’s mobility and quality of life.

Fortunately, Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis (JPS) is a preventative surgical option that can help at-risk puppies before symptoms develop. When performed early, JPS can reduce the severity of hip dysplasia, minimize pain, and potentially eliminate the need for major hip surgeries later in life.

What Is Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis (JPS)?

JPS is a minimally invasive surgical procedure designed to modify the growth of the pelvis in young puppies. By fusing part of the pubic symphysis (the cartilage connecting the two halves of the pelvis), this surgery encourages the hip socket to develop a tighter fit around the femoral head, reducing joint laxity and improving stability.

How JPS Helps Prevent Hip Dysplasia

In dogs with hip dysplasia, the hip socket is too shallow, causing the femoral head to shift and grind against the joint improperly. Over time, this leads to arthritis, pain, and mobility issues. By altering pelvic development, JPS improves joint congruity and reduces stress on the hip joint, preventing these issues before they start.

For more information on how hip dysplasia affects dogs, visit the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS).

Which Puppies Are Candidates for JPS?

Early detection is key in determining whether JPS is a viable option. Puppies must meet specific criteria, including:

  • Age: JPS is most effective when performed between 12 and 20 weeks of age, while the pelvis is still developing.
  • Hip Screening: A PennHIP or OFA evaluation helps assess joint laxity and the risk of hip dysplasia. PennHIP screening can detect hip laxity as early as 16 weeks of age, allowing for early intervention.
  • Breed Predisposition: Large and giant breeds—such as Labrador Retrievers, German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, and Rottweilers—are at higher risk of developing hip dysplasia.

If hip dysplasia is detected early, JPS can help prevent severe arthritis and improve long-term mobility; learn more with Today’s Veterinary Practice.

How Is JPS Performed?

JPS is a relatively quick procedure that involves cauterizing the growth plate of the pubic symphysis to slow its development. This alters the way the pelvis grows, leading to a better-fitting hip socket and reducing the risk of future joint problems.

Surgical Process

  1. Pre-Surgical Evaluation: X-rays or PennHIP imaging confirm the degree of hip laxity.
  2. Anesthesia and Procedure: Under general anesthesia, a small incision is made, and electrocautery is used to close the growth plate.
  3. Recovery and Monitoring: Since the surgery is minimally invasive, most puppies recover quickly with minimal discomfort.

Compared to corrective surgeries like total hip replacement (THR) or femoral head ostectomy (FHO), JPS is a preventative approach that avoids the need for major surgery later in life.

Benefits of Juvenile Pubic Symphysiodesis

JPS offers multiple advantages, particularly for dogs at high risk of developing hip dysplasia:

  • Prevents severe hip dysplasia by improving joint stability early.
  • Minimally invasive procedure with a quick recovery time.
  • Reduces the likelihood of arthritis and chronic pain later in life.
  • May eliminate the need for major surgeries, such as total hip replacement or TPO (triple pelvic osteotomy).

By choosing JPS before symptoms arise, pet owners can significantly improve their dog’s comfort and mobility in adulthood.

What Happens If JPS Isn’t Performed?

If hip dysplasia is left untreated, it can lead to:

  • Chronic pain and arthritis (degenerative joint disease)
  • Reduced mobility and reluctance to exercise
  • The need for more invasive procedures, such as:
    • Total hip replacement (THR) – A costly but highly effective surgical option for end-stage hip dysplasia.
    • Femoral Head Ostectomy (FHO) – Involves removing the femoral head to reduce pain, though it alters gait mechanics.

For more on surgical options like the FHO, visit the Pet Health Network.

Post-Surgical Care and Recovery

JPS is a minimally invasive procedure, and most puppies recover quickly with proper post-operative care.

Aftercare Instructions

  • Limited Activity – Restrict running and jumping for 2-3 weeks to allow healing.
  • Pain Management – Mild discomfort is managed with NSAIDs or prescribed pain relievers.
  • Monitor for Swelling or Infection – Check the incision site daily and contact your vet if you notice redness or discharge.
  • Follow-Up Appointments – Your veterinarian will schedule post-operative check-ups and follow-up imaging to assess hip development.

Since the surgery alters growth patterns, it’s essential to monitor joint development as the puppy matures. Regular check-ups help ensure the best long-term outcome.
German Shepherd on a leash stands on grass during a sunny day. People are seated in the background, some watching the dog. The dog has a thick, shiny coat and is panting with its tongue out.

Other Treatment Options for Hip Dysplasia

If a puppy is diagnosed too late for JPS, other treatment options may be considered, including:

  • Medical Management – Weight control, joint supplements (glucosamine, omega-3s), and physical therapy can help manage symptoms.
  • Physical Rehabilitation – Hydrotherapy and structured exercises improve joint mobility and muscle strength. Learn more at Rehab Vets.
  • Surgical Alternatives – Older dogs may require triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO), femoral head ostectomy (FHO), or total hip replacement (THR) to restore mobility.

How to Get Your Puppy Evaluated for JPS

At Groves Veterinary Clinic, we offer early hip screenings and surgical consultations to determine if JPS is right for your puppy. If your dog is a high-risk breed or has a family history of hip dysplasia, early screening is essential.

Schedule a hip evaluation today to ensure your puppy has the best chance at a healthy, active future.

Contact Us: Groves Veterinary Clinic

By taking action early, you can help your puppy grow into a healthier, more active adult dog—free from the pain of hip dysplasia.